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最新英語四級閱讀基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)題及答案
在各領(lǐng)域中，我們最離不開的就是練習(xí)題了，只有認(rèn)真完成作業(yè)，積極地發(fā)揮每一道習(xí)題特殊的功能和作用，才能有效地提高我們的思維能力，深化我們對知識的理解。什么樣的習(xí)題才是科學(xué)規(guī)范的習(xí)題呢？下面是小編為大家收集的最新英語四級閱讀基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)題及答案，歡迎閱讀與收藏。
最新英語四級閱讀基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)題及答案 1
The Present Is the Most Important
Shams and delusions are esteemed for soundest truths, while reality is fabulous. If men wouldsteadily observe realities only, and not allow themselves to be deluded, life, to compare it withsuch things as we know, would be like a fairy tale and the Arabian Nights’ Entertainments. If werespected only what is inevitable and has a right to be , music and poetry would resoundalong the streets. When we are unhurried and wise, we perceive that only great and worthythings have any permanent and absolute existence, --that petty fears and petty pleasure arebut the shadow of reality. This is always exhilarating and sublime. By closing the eyes andslumbering, by consenting to be deceived by shows, men establish and confirm their daily life ofroutine and habit everywhere, which still is built on purely illusory foundation. Children, whoplay life, discern its true law and relations more clearly than men, who fail to live worthily, butwho think that they are wiser by experience, that is, by failure. I have read in a Hindoo book,that “there was a king’s son, who, being expelled in infancy from his native city, was brought upby a forester, and, growing up to maturity in that state, imagined himself to belong to thebarbarous race with which be lived. One of his father’s ministers having discovered him,revealed to him what he was, and the misconception of his character was removed, and heknew himself to be a prince. So soul, from the circumstances in which it is placed, mistakes itsown character, until the truth is revealed to it by some holy teacher, and then it knows itself tobe Brahme.” We think that that is which appears to be. If a man should give us an account ofthe realities he beheld, we should not recognize the place in his description. Look at ameeting-house, or a court-house, or a jail, or a shop. Or a dwelling-house, and say what thatthing really is before a true gaze, and they would all go to pieces in your account of them. Menesteem truth remote, in the outskirts of the system, behind the farthest star, before Adamand after the last man. In eternity there is indeed something true and sublime. But all thesetimes and places and occasions are now and here. God himself culminates in the presentmoment, and will never be more divine in the lapse of all ages. And we are enabled toapprehend at all what is sublime and noble only by the perpetual instilling and drenching ofthe reality that surrounds us. The universe constantly and obediently answers to ourconceptions; whether we travel fast or slow, the track is laid for us. Let us spend our lives inconceiving then. The poet or the artist never yet had as fair and noble a design but some of hisposterity at least could accomplish it.
1. The writer’s attitude toward the arts is one of
[A]. admiration. [B]. indifference. [C]. suspicion. [D]. repulsion
2. The author believes that a child.
[A]. should practice what the Hindoos preach.
[B]. frequently faces vital problems better than grownups do.
[C]. hardly ever knows his true origin.
[D]. is incapable of appreciating the arts.
3. The author is primarily concerned with urging the reader to
[A]. look to the future for enlightenment. [B]. appraise the present for its true value.
[C]. honor the wisdom of the past ages. [D]. spend more time in leisure activities.
4. The passage is primarily concerned with problem of
[A]. history and economics. [B]. society and population.
[C]. biology and physics. [D]. theology and philosophy.
詞匯解析
1. sham 虛偽
2. delusion 欺騙
3. fabulous 荒誕無稽的，不存在的
4. exhilarating 令人高興的
5. sublime 崇高的
6. slumber 睡眠
7. Hindoo 印度
8. Brahma 婆羅門(貴族)
9. come, fall, go to pieces 崩潰，垮臺
10. culminate 達(dá)到頂點(diǎn)
11. lapse 時(shí)間的推移/消逝
12. apprehend 領(lǐng)悟，理解
13. instill (慢慢地)滴注，灌輸
14. drench 浸泡，使?jié)裢?/p>
15. posterity 子孫后代
16. look to 指望，注意
難句解析
1. If men would steadily observe realities only, and not allow themselves to be deluded, life, to compare it with such things as we know, would be like a fairy tale and the Arabian Nights’ Entertainments.
[結(jié)構(gòu)簡析] 虛擬條件句，主句中to compare it with… know是插入語，也有假設(shè)之意。
[參考譯文] 如果人們堅(jiān)持只觀察現(xiàn)實(shí)，不讓自己被蒙蔽，那么生活，把它和我們知道的事情相比較，就象神話，象一千零一夜中描述的一切。
2. When we are unhurried and wise, we perceive that only great and worthy things have any permanent and absolute existence, --that petty fears and petty pleasure are but the shadow of reality.
[結(jié)構(gòu)簡析] 主句中兩個that. 第一個是perceive 的賓語從句。破折號的第二個 that從句是說明，對比前一個that 句。
[參考譯文] 在我們冷靜和明智時(shí)，我們會感到只有偉大的'和有價(jià)值的東西才能永恒絕對地存在，而那些微不足道的恐懼和歡樂僅僅是現(xiàn)實(shí)的陰影而已。
3. By closing the eyes and slumbering, by consenting to be deceived by shows, men establish and confirm their daily life of routine and habit everywhere, which still is built on purely illusory foundation.
[參考譯文] 閉上眼睛，昏昏欲睡，允許自己被表面現(xiàn)象所蒙蔽，人們通過這些手段來建立和確定他們的生活日程和各種習(xí)慣。這仍然是建立在幻(覺)想基礎(chǔ)上的東西。
4. So soul, from the circumstances in which it is placed, mistakes its own character, until the truth is revealed to it by some holy teacher, and then it knows itself to be Brahme.”
[結(jié)構(gòu)簡析] from the circumstances in which … ，介詞短語+定從，實(shí)際上都是修飾mistake
[參考譯文] 從它所處的環(huán)境中出發(fā)，靈魂把自己的身份搞錯了。直到某個神圣的先生揭示的事實(shí)，那時(shí)它才知道自己是個貴族。
5. We think that that is which appears to be.
[結(jié)構(gòu)簡析] 第一個that 是引導(dǎo)think的賓語從句的連接詞，第二個that 是代詞，作賓從中的主語，指上述“靈魂”整個句子。
[參考譯文] 我們想那就是看起來那個樣子(情況似乎就是那樣)。
答案詳解
1. A. 欽佩。本文第三句“如果我們只尊重必然的東西，尊重有權(quán)威為必然的東西，那么音樂和詩歌會重新在街上唱誦�！北疚淖詈笠痪洹半m然詩人或藝術(shù)從來沒有如此美好和崇高的設(shè)想，但他們有些后代至少會達(dá)到這一步的�！边�有難句譯注1。這些都說明作者對藝術(shù)視為崇高和美好，不是被蒙蔽的東西。
B. 漠不關(guān)心。 C. 懷疑的。 D. 排斥。多不對。
2. B. 孩子們常常比成人更好地面對 各種問題。本文第七句“孩子們游戲生活(整天只知道玩兒)，卻比難以很好的生活的成人們更清楚的分辨出顯示生活的真正規(guī)律和種種關(guān)系�！�
A. 孩子應(yīng)當(dāng)實(shí)踐印度布道宣傳的東西。 C. 幾乎對其真實(shí)出身一無所知。這是講王子的事情，不是一般孩子。 D. 難以欣賞藝術(shù)。并未提及。
3. B. 珍視目前的真正價(jià)值。這在文章倒數(shù)第五句“永恒中，確實(shí)有真實(shí)和崇高的東西存在。但是所有這一切時(shí)間，地點(diǎn)，機(jī)遇都是在此時(shí)此地。上帝本身在現(xiàn)時(shí)達(dá)到了頂峰。在今后流逝的歲月中，它絕不會更加神圣崇高。我們只有長期不斷地灌輸和浸潤在周圍現(xiàn)實(shí)之中，才能理解什么是崇高和神圣的東西。不論我們的步伐快還是慢，路線已為我鋪定。那就讓我們的生命在體會感受中度過�！弊髡邚�(qiáng)調(diào)現(xiàn)實(shí)才是人們應(yīng)該抓住的。
A. 指望未來給予啟迪。 C. 尊重過去的智慧。 D. 在悠閑的活動中花更多的時(shí)間。
4. D. 神學(xué)和哲學(xué)。整篇文章都傳遞了這兩個內(nèi)容，特別是哲學(xué)推理論說。
A. 歷史和經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)。 B. 社會和人口。 C. 生物和物理。
最新英語四級閱讀基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)題及答案 2
The English policeman has several nicknames (綽號) but the most frequently used are "copper" and "bobby". The first name comes from the verb "to cop " (which is also slang ) , meaning " to take " or " to capture ", and the second comes from the first name of Sir Robert Peel, the nineteenth-century politician, who was the founder of the police force as we know it today. An early nickname for the policeman was "peeler", but this one has died out.
Whatever we may call them, the general opinion of the police seems to be a favorable one; except, of course, among the criminal part of the community where the police are given more derogatory nicknames which originated in America, such as "fuzz" or "pig". Visitors to England seem nearly always to be very impressed by the English police. It has, in fact, become a standing joke that the visitor to Britain, when asked for his views of the country, will always say, at some point or other, "I think your policemen are wonderful. "
Well, the British bobby may not always be wonderful but he is usually a very friendly and helpful sort of character. A music-hall song of some years ago was called "If You Want To Know The Time, Ask A Policeman". Nowadays, most people own watches but they still seem to find plenty of other questions to ask the policeman. In London, the policemen spend so much of their time directing visitors about the city that one wonders how they ever find time to do anything else!
Two things are immediately noticeable to the stranger when he sees an English policeman for the first time. The first is that he does not carry a pistol (手槍) and the second is that he wears a very distinctive type of headgear, the policemans helmet. His helmet, together with his height, enable an English policeman to be seen from a considerable distance, a fact that is not without its usefulness. From time to time it is suggested that the policeman should be given a pistol and that his helmet should be taken from him, but both these suggestions are resisted by the majority of the public and the police themselves.
21. Nowadays British people call the policeman_______.
A. pig B. peeler
C. fuzz D. bobby
22. Which of the following statements is TRUE?
A. There are fewer criminals in America than in Britain.
B. The English police usually leave a deep impression on visitors.
C. The British bobby is friendly but not helpful.
D. The English police enjoy having pistols.
23. If you see an English policeman for the first time, you will probably notice at once that
A. he often tells people time B. he is usually very helpful
C. he has a helmet on his head D. he wears special clothes
24. That an English policeman can be seen from some distance is _______.
A. of some help to people B. of no help to people
C. very strange and funny D. a standing joke
25. Visitors praise the English police because_______.
A. they are armed with modern equipment
B. they obey orders
C. they are often given thanks by people
D. they are polite and helpful
答案：21. D 22. B 23. C 24. A 25. D
最新英語四級閱讀基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)題及答案 3
Baekeland and Hartmann report that the “short sleepers” had been more or less average in their sleep needs until the men were in their teens. But at about age 15 or so, the men voluntarily began cutting down their nightly sleep time because of pressures from school, work, and other activities. These men tended to view their nightly periods of unconsciousness as bothersome interruptions in their daily routines. In general, these “short sleeps” appeared ambitious, active, energetic, cheerful, conformist(不動搖) in their opinions, and very sure about their career choices. They often held several jobs at once, or workers full-or part-time while going to school. And many of them had a strong urge to appear “normal” or “acceptable” to their friends and associates. When asked to recall their dreams, the “short sleepers” did poorly. More than this, they seemed to prefer not remembering. In similar fashion, their usual way of dealing with psychological problems was to deny that the problem existed, and then to keep busy in the hope that the trouble would go away. The sleep patterns of the “short sleepers” were similar to, but less extreme than, sleep patterns shown by many mental patients categorized as manic(瘋?cè)?. The “l(fā)ong sleepers” were quite different indeed. Baekeland and Hartmann report that these young men had been lengthy sleeps since childhood. They seemed to enjoy their sleep, protected it, and were quite concerned when they were occasionally deprived of their desired 9 hours of nightly bed rest. They tended to recall their dreams much better than did the “short sleepers.” Many of the “l(fā)ong sleepers” were shy, anxious, introverted (內(nèi)向), inhibited (壓抑), passive, mildly depressed, and unsure of themselves (particularly in social situations). Several openly states that sleep was an escape from their daily problems.
1. According to the report,______. A) many short sleepers need less sleep by nature B) many short sleepers are obliged to reduce their nightly sleep time because they are busy with their work C) long sleepers sleep a longer period of time during the day D) many long sleepers preserve their sleeping habit formed during their childhood
2. Many “short sleepers” are likely to hold the view that _____. A) sleep is a withdrawal from the reality B) sleep interferes with their sound judgement C) sleep is the least expensive item on their routine program D) sleep is the best way to deal with psychological troubles
3. It is stated in the third paragraph that short sleepers _____. A) are ideally vigorous even under the pressures of life B) often neglect the consequences of inadequate sleep C) do not know how to relax properly D) are more unlikely to run into mental problems
4. When sometimes they cannot enjoy adequate sleep, the long sleepers might ____. A) appear disturbed B) become energetic C) feel dissatisfied D) be extremely depressed
5. Which of the following is Not included in the passage? A) If one sleeps inadequately, his performance suffers and his memory is weakened B) The sleep patterns of short sleepers are exactly the sane as those shown by many mental patients C) Long and short sleepers differ in their attitudes towards sleep D) Short sleepers would be better off with more rest
【答案及詳解】 答案：DCBAB 貝克爾和哈特曼報(bào)道說，“睡眠少的人”在未進(jìn)入少年期之前，其正常睡眠時(shí)間大致與所需要的時(shí)間差不多。但到了15歲左右，由于學(xué)校、工作或其它活動的地壓力，他們就故意地減少了夜間睡眠的時(shí)間。這些人持有這樣的觀點(diǎn)：夜間睡眠是一件令人討厭的事情，打斷了日常事務(wù)。 總的說來，這些“睡眠少的人”表現(xiàn)得雄心勃勃、積極活躍、精力充沛、無意識樂觀豁達(dá)、立場堅(jiān)定，對自己職業(yè)的選擇胸有成竹。他們往往同時(shí)從事幾項(xiàng)工作，或者一邊上學(xué)讀書，一邊從事專職或兼職工作。其中許多人有強(qiáng)烈愿望，想在朋友和熟人面前表現(xiàn)得“正�！被颉昂先骸�。 當(dāng)讓他們回憶夢境時(shí)，“睡眠少的'人”回憶不起什么來。更有甚者，他們似乎情愿什么都記不住。類似的情況是他們通常處理心理問題的方式：不承認(rèn)問題的存在，希望只要忙忙碌碌，麻煩總會過去的。 “睡眠少的人”的睡眠模式與被劃入瘋子之類精神病患者的睡眠模式十分相似，只不過沒有那么嚴(yán)重而已。 “睡眠多的人”情形則大不相同。貝克爾和哈特曼報(bào)道說，這些年輕人從小的，有抱負(fù)的睡眠就一直很長。他們好像注重睡眠，不讓睡眠受打攪。偶爾沒有所需的9個小時(shí)夜間臥床休息，他們便會十分不安。他們比“睡眠少的人”要更能回憶得起夢的內(nèi)容。許多“睡眠多的人”靦腆、焦躁、內(nèi)向、壓抑、消極和稍微有點(diǎn)兒沮喪，尤其在社交場合缺乏自信。好幾個人坦言，睡眠是擺脫每天煩惱的一種方式。
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